EVERYTHING ABOUT INTERIOR DESIGN

A touch of artistic mastery on the required furniture or craft or any decorative thing that highlights the beauty of a building is interior design. The place we stay in or work in must be comfortable, protective, and aesthetic. Sometimes a single piece of furniture adorned in a room on a particular spot can make the whole place sublime.

CHRONICLE OF INTERIOR DESIGN

• STONE AGE 6000 BCE to 2000 BCE

The very primitive phase of interior design started during this era. They lived in houses made of mud, animal skin, and sticks.

• NEOLITHIC AGE 2000 to 1700 BC

Neolithic Age otherwise known as New Stone Age, people made handmade pottery and tools, and weapons made of polished stone. This new creativity was an important utility and decorative source.

• ANCIENT EGYPT 2700 BC

The ancient Egyptians were the first to decorate their mud houses with basic furnishings like sculptures, simple textiles, animal skin, painted urns, and graphic biographical and spiritual murals. Furniture like chairs and beds was made of wood.

• GREEK EMPIRE 1200 to 31 BC

Greeks replaced the stone floor with marble or limestone. The rugs they used had patterns of flowers, trellis, and classic motifs instead of wall-to-wall carpeting. They were the first to have furnishings inlaid with ornate ivory and silver details. Pillars and columns were also built with excellence. They also created a standard procedure for constructing buildings.

• ROMAN EMPIRE 753 BD TO 480 BC

Romans used stone, wood, or bronze for their furniture. Buffets with tiers of shelves were used to display silver. Romans were also well known for their marble pillars, statues, mosaics, and wall paintings.

• DARK AGES 900 AD TO 1500 AD

The Dark Ages were also known as the Medieval Age. During the early part of the Dark Ages, people preferred houses of simple paneled, wood walls, minimal furnishings, and stone walls. However, gradually ivory carvings developed, and furniture was inlaid with ivory plaques and decorated with carvings.

• THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE 500 AD TO 1500 AD

A central feature of Byzantine Culture was orthodox Christianity. The buildings had marble columns, and inlays, mosaics on the vaults, inlaid stone pavements, and sometimes gold-coffered ceilings.

• THE RENAISSANCE PERIOD 1400 AD TO 1600 AD

The walls were divided into two separate panels and decorated with frescos. For decorating the walls, they used marble, natural stone, or sandstone. Valuable wood was used to carve panels and expensive fabrics like velvet, and brocade was famous.

• GOTHIC AGE 1140 AD TO 1400 AD

Gothic interior design includes ornate decorations. Dark but rich colors, and an emphasis on vertical elements and natural light. For the light to be filtered, stained glasses were used on windows.

• BAROQUE AGE 1590 AD TO 1725 AD

Crystal and glass accents, expensive and plush flooring, luxurious floral and Damask fabrics, intricate carvings and ornaments, and opulent and colossal furniture are the interior design of the Baroque age.

• TRADITIONAL 1700 AD

Traditional Age includes silk, linen, and velvet upholstery, window covering damask, floral, stripes, and plaids with ornately detailed dark wood.

• ROCOCO 1700 AD

Superior craftsmanship, stylish acanthus leaves, and flowers, C&S-shaped scrolls, and shells, luxurious materials, soft pastel colors, and sensuous curvy lines were of style in the Rococo Age.

• THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 1760 AD TO 1820 AD

The Industrial revolution marked a new era in the interior design domain. Materials like steel, iron, and glass were used in larger quantities due to the new techniques and forms in architecture, interiors, and furniture shapes.

• NEOCLASSICAL STYLE 1780 AD TO 1880 AD

During the Neoclassical Age columns, gilt, moderate ornaments, and satin upholstery were used. Oak and walnut were the wood used for furniture.

• TROPICAL AGE 1800 AD

The matching wallpaper and furnishings were famous during this age. The British blended their interior designs with the native traditional design of the countries they had invaded.

• AESTHETIC MOVEMENT 1800 AD

Aesthetic Movement the furniture design and decorations like flowers, leaves, insects, birds, spider webs, and sunbursts were used.

• TUSCAN AGE 1840 AD

The Tuscan Age focused on simplicity. Plaster, wrought iron, recycled wood, and space were of priority.

• ARTS AND CRAFTS 1860 TO 1910 AD

Raw materials with natural qualities are the two main characteristics of the Arts And Crafts Movement. The created designs, motifs, and patterns were all inspired by nature.

• RUSTIC AGE 1870 AD

The use of wood, stone, leaves, and other organic elements could be widely seen. The fabrics used were burlap and canvas.

• MODERNISM 1880 AD TO 1949 AD

Furniture from the modernist tradition is constructed from natural materials such as wood, leather, and linen.

• ART NOUVEAU 1890 AD TO 1920 AD

Art Nouveau furniture was ornately designed with curving, undulating lines called whiplash lines that mimicked natural vines and branches. Asymmetry and exotic wood-on-wood inlays were two common characteristics of the style.

• COLONIAL REVIVAL 1905 AD

The grand entrance halls, polished wood floors, simplified paint and wallpaper palettes, light approach to millwork, and wainscoting are the characteristics of the Colonial Revival phase.

• ECLECTIC AGE 1900 AD

Electric style is a type of interior design that blends different styles and motifs together to create a unique aesthetic.

• MODERN 1918 AD TO 1950 AD

The sleek, simple contemporary lines of the modern design paired with traditional furniture, finishes, and accessories. Teak wood and other wooden furniture were mostly of use.

• BAUHAUS STYLE 1920 TO 1934 AD

Bauhaus designs are defined as a lack of ornaments, the use of clean lines, smooth surfaces, and geometric shapes for interior design. Materials like tubular steel, glass, plywood, and plastic were in excess use.

• COUNTRY STYLE 1920 AD TO 1970 AD

Country style includes indoor nature, fabric like velvet and rattan, and patterned wallpaper.

• ART DECO STYLE 1920 AD TO 1960 AD

The furniture of Art Deco is characterized by muted colors, shiny metal accents, eccentric shapes, and a polished finish. Metals like gold, silver, steel, and chrome were used in plenty.

• MID-CENTURY MODERN AGE 1930

Mid- Century furniture is characterized by clean lines, open sides, and classic shapes. The wood used were teak, elm, beech, and rosewood.

• TRANSITIONAL STYLE 1950 AD

Fabrics with flowers, fruit, and abstract design were found in abundance. The Pastel color scheme was huge in decoration. Teak and other woods were widely used for furniture. The mix of modern and traditional was visible in furnishings, fabrics, and decorations.

• POSTMODERNISM 1978

Postmodernism is less rigid and less restrictive compared to the modern style. It features a diverse mix of historical elements, craft revival, ergonomic furniture, and art furnishings.

• CONTEMPORARY AGE 1980 AD TO TODAY

The contemporary design period includes the design period that is popular even today. A deep-seated sofa is an example of contemporary-style furniture that is in demand today.

INTERIOR DESIGN STYLES

• Traditional interior designing Style
• Contemporary Interior Design Style
• Modern style of interior design
• Minimalist interior design style
• Industrial interior design style
• Mediterranean Interior design style
• Eclectic interior designing style
• Nautical Interior Designing Style
• Mid-century modern interior design style
• Beach-style interior design

MAIN PRINCIPLES OF INTERIOR DESIGN

The seven main principles of interior design are balance, harmony, rhythm, proportion and scale, emphasis, contrast, and details.

1. BALANCE

Balance is a principle of interior design that visually stabilizes the space. Balance is achieved in three types: symmetrically, asymmetrically, and radially.

1. HARMONY

Harmony is the visually satisfying effect of combining similar or related elements. The repetition of design elements like color, texture, shape, and form is the easiest way to achieve harmony to create a composition.

1. RHYTHM

The visual repetition of patterns, by recurrence, continuity, or organized movement is rhythm. The types of rhythm are random Rhythm, Regular Rhythm, Alternating Rhythm, Flowing Rhythm, and Progressive Rhythm.

1. PROPORTION AND SCALE

Proportion refers to how well the pieces fit together and scale refers to how well the pieces fit a particular place.

1. EMPHASIS

The process of creating the focal point within a designated space is Emphasis. This method also helps in diverting the viewers from noticing a less desirable area of the space.

1. CONTRAST

Contrast is where two or more elements that have opposite characteristics are placed together.

1. DETAILS

Detail is a consideration of how an item is furnished or embellished, what form its line takes, and its shape, and how its surface meets another surface.

The different ages show the various styles that have been adopted by the ancient people and how fashion design has evolved in course of time. The various styles give away the tradition and trends that have been in existence. The principles give guidance toward a better understanding of interior design.